The Influence of Harness Design on Forelimb Biomechanics in Pet Dogs

Abstract

Dog harnesses are a popular walking aid for pet dogs. Research has focused on the biomechanical impact of assistance dog harnesses; however, this is lacking in the pet dog harness industry. This study aimed to explore the impact of six different harness types on canine biomechanics compared to a standard (base) collar, specifically analysing shoulder extension, shoulder flexion, elbow extension and elbow flexion. A high-speed recording device recorded a total of 21 videos per dog (n=30), and analysis demonstrated that the straight-front harness allowed for the most elbow and shoulder extension and flexion, whereas the front clip allowed for the least elbow and shoulder flexion and extension. By directly comparing the six harnesses, three of which are new to research inclusion, the evidence drawn demonstrates which harnesses should be utilised more and which should potentially be avoided. These results provide a foundation for future research, and recommendations have been outlined, specifically considering breed difference, morphological impacts and long-term effects of harness design on canine gait. With advancements in the canine industry, this research is crucial for maximising safety and potentially preventing or delaying various musculoskeletal disorders.